Utgivare Institute of Physics Publishing

Cover for Ida, Katsumi (National Institute for Fusion Science, Japan) · Impurity Transport in Magnetically Confined Plasmas - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Impurity Transport in Magnetical... (2023)

Ida, Katsumi (National Institute...

Cover for Paul Woods · An Introduction to District Heating and Cooling: Low carbon energy for buildings - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

An Introduction to District Heat... (2023)

Cover for Machine Learning, Medical AI and Robotics: Translating theory into the clinic - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Machine Learning, Medical AI and... (2023)

Cover for Chatterjee, Amit (Indian Institute of Technology Indore (India)) · Biometric Presentation Attack Detection: Towards securing biometric authentication systems - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Biometric Presentation Attack De... (2023)

Chatterjee, Amit (Indian Institu...

Cover for Saif, Farhan (Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan) · Optical Forces on Atoms - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Optical Forces on Atoms - IOP eb... (2023)

Saif, Farhan (Quaid-i-Azam Unive...

Cover for Ewaoche John Okampo · Optimisation of Renewable Energy Powered Desalination Systems (Bok) (2023)

Optimisation of Renewable Energy... (2023)

Ewaoche John Okampo

Cover for Kim, Hyung Taek (Principal Research Scientist) · Laser–Plasma Accelerators and Radiation Sources - IOP Series in Coherent Sources, Quantum Fundamentals, and Applications (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Laser–Plasma Accelerators and Ra... (2023)

Kim, Hyung Taek (Principal Resea...

Cover for Advances in Flexible and Printed Electronics: Materials, fabrication, and applications - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Advances in Flexible and Printed... (2023)

Cover for Advanced Metamaterials for Engineers - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Advanced Metamaterials for Engin... (2023)

Cover for Cho, Shinil (La Roche University (United States)) · Fourier Transform and Its Applications Using Microsoft EXCEL® (Second Edition) - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Fourier Transform and Its Applic... (2023)

Cho, Shinil (La Roche University...

Cover for Suri EL-BAZ · Photo Acoustic and Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging, Volume 1: Diabetic retinopathy - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Photo Acoustic and Optical Coher... (2023)

Cover for Hockett, Paul (National Research Council of Canada, Canada) · Quantum Metrology with Photoelectrons, Volume 3: Analysis methodologies - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2023)

Quantum Metrology with Photoele... (2023)

Hockett, Paul (National Research...

Cover for Sibalic, Nikola (Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Palaiseau, France) · An Interactive Guide to Quantum Optics - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

An Interactive Guide to Quantum ... (2024)

Sibalic, Nikola (Institut d'Opti...

Cover for Advances in Drug Delivery Systems for Healthcare: From concept to clinic - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Advances in Drug Delivery System... (2024)

Cover for Senthilkumaran, Paramasivam (Indian Institute of Technology Delhi) · Singularities in Physics and Engineering (Second Edition) - IOP Series in Advances in Optics, Photonics and Optoelectronics (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Singularities in Physics and Eng... (2024)

Senthilkumaran, Paramasivam (Ind...

Cover for Suemasu, Takashi (University of Tsukuba) · Rare-earth-free Ferrimagnetic Mn4N Spintronics - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Rare-earth-free Ferrimagnetic M... (2024)

Suemasu, Takashi (University of ...

Cover for Smela, Elisabeth (Professor, University of Maryland (United States)) · Electrical Impedance Tomography for Tactile Imaging: A primer for experimentalists - IOP Series in Sensors and Sensor Systems (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Electrical Impedance Tomography ... (2024)

Smela, Elisabeth (Professor, Uni...

Cover for Erenso, Daniel (Middle Tennessee State University) · Studies in Theoretical Physics, Volume 2: Advanced mathematical methods - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Studies in Theoretical Physics, ... (2024)

Erenso, Daniel (Middle Tennessee...

Cover for Dhiman, Chhavi (Assistant Professor, Delhi Technological University (India)) · Data Analytics for Intelligent Systems: Techniques and solutions - IOP Series in Next Generation Computing (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Data Analytics for Intelligent S... (2024)

Dhiman, Chhavi (Assistant Profes...

Cover for Advances in Spectroscopic Analysis of Food and Drink - IOP Series in Spectroscopic Methods and Applications (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Advances in Spectroscopic Analys... (2024)

Cover for Edirisinghe, Mohan (University College London (United Kingdom)) · Biomaterials: Innovation for world healthcare - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Biomaterials: Innovation for wor... (2024)

Edirisinghe, Mohan (University C...

Cover for Ronian Siew · Modern Classical Optical System Design: Fundamentals, techniques, tips, and tricks - IOP Series in Emerging Technologies in Optics and Photonics (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Modern Classical Optical System ... (2024)

Cover for Philippe Guittienne · Resonant Network Antennas for Radio-Frequency Plasma Sources: Theory, technology and applications - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Resonant Network Antennas for Ra... (2024)

Philippe Guittienne

Cover for Engineered 2D Materials for Electrocatalysis Applications - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Engineered 2D Materials for Elec... (2024)

Cover for Rasheed, Mohammed Erkhawan Hameed (Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford (United Kingdom)) · Breast Cancer and Medical Imaging - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Breast Cancer and Medical Imagin... (2024)

Rasheed, Mohammed Erkhawan Hamee...

Cover for Mohammed Erkhawan Hameed Rasheed · Breast Cancer and Medical Imaging (Bok) (2024)

Breast Cancer and Medical Imaging (2024)

Mohammed Erkhawan Hameed Rasheed

Cover for Signal Processing with Python: A practical approach - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Signal Processing with Python: A... (2024)

Cover for Ikram, Muhammad (Government College University Lahore (Pakistan)) · Bismuth Oxyhalides: Synthesis and photocatalytic applications - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Bismuth Oxyhalides: Synthesis an... (2024)

Ikram, Muhammad (Government Coll...

Cover for Muhammad Ikram · Bismuth Oxyhalides (Bok) (2024)

Bismuth Oxyhalides (2024)

Cover for Photocatalysts for Energy and Environmental Sustainability - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Photocatalysts for Energy and En... (2024)

Cover for Illingworth, Sam (Associate Professor, Edinburgh Napier University (United Kingdom)) · Effective Science Communication (Third Edition): A practical guide to surviving as a scientist - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Effective Science Communication ... (2024)

Illingworth, Sam (Associate Prof...

Cover for Sam Illingworth · Effective Science Communication (Bok) (2024)

Effective Science Communication (2024)

Sam Illingworth

Cover for EPS Grand Challenges: Physics for Society in the Horizon 2050 - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

EPS Grand Challenges: Physics fo... (2024)

Cover for Carlos Hidalgo · EPS Grand Challenges (Bok) (2024)

EPS Grand Challenges (2024)

Cover for Chithambo, Makaiko L (Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa) · Phototransferred Thermoluminescence - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Phototransferred Thermoluminesce... (2024)

Chithambo, Makaiko L (Rhodes Uni...

Cover for Oks, Eugene (Auburn University, USA) · Polarization and Directional Effects in the Radiation from Plasmas - IOP Series in Plasma Physics (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Polarization and Directional Eff... (2024)

Oks, Eugene (Auburn University, ...

Cover for Eugene Oks · Polarization and Directional Effects in the Radiation from Plasmas (Bok) (2024)

Polarization and Directional Eff... (2024)

Cover for Berthier, Jean (University of Washington) · Open-Channel Microfluidics (Second Edition): Fundamentals and applications - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Open-Channel Microfluidics (Seco... (2024)

Berthier, Jean (University of Wa...

Cover for Jean Berthier · Open-Channel Microfluidics (Bok) (2024)

Open-Channel Microfluidics (2024)

Cover for Diamane: Fabrication, properties and new advances in 2D diamond - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Diamane: Fabrication, properties... (2024)

Cover for Zain, Samya Bano (Susquehanna University) · The Physics of Sound and Music, Volume 1: A complete course text (Textbook) - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

The Physics of Sound and Music, ... (2024)

Zain, Samya Bano (Susquehanna Un...

Cover for Zain, Samya Bano (Susquehanna University) · The Physics of Sound and Music, Volume 2: A complete course text (Lab manual) - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

The Physics of Sound and Music, ... (2024)

Zain, Samya Bano (Susquehanna Un...

Cover for Fort, Hugo (Republic University, Montevideo, Uruguay) · Ecological Modelling and Ecophysics (Second Edition): Agricultural and environmental applications - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Ecological Modelling and Ecophys... (2024)

Fort, Hugo (Republic University,...

Cover for Pascalutsa, Vladimir (the Institute for Nuclear Physics of the Johannes Gutenberg, University of Mainz, Germany) · Causality Rules (Second Edition): Dispersion theory in non-elementary particle physics - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Causality Rules (Second Edition)... (2024)

Pascalutsa, Vladimir (the Instit...

Cover for Xiao, Caide (Yunyang Medical College, China) · Mastering Computer Vision with PyTorch and Machine Learning - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Mastering Computer Vision with P... (2024)

Xiao, Caide (Yunyang Medical Col...

Cover for Rector · Climate Change for Astronomers: Causes, consequences, and communication - AAS-IOP Astronomy (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Climate Change for Astronomers: ... (2024)

Cover for Welsh, James S., MD (Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, (United States)) · Space Radiation: Astrophysical origins, radiobiological effects and implications for space travellers - IPEM-IOP Series in Physics and Engineering in Medicine and Biology (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Space Radiation: Astrophysical o... (2024)

Welsh, James S., MD (Loyola Univ...

Cover for Etkina, Eugenia (Rutgers University, USA) · The Investigative Science Learning Environment: A Guide for Teacher Preparation and Professional Development - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

The Investigative Science Learni... (2024)

Etkina, Eugenia (Rutgers Univers...

Cover for Imad Pasha · Astronomical Python: An introduction to modern scientific programming - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Astronomical Python: An introduc... (2024)

Cover for Imad Pasha · Astronomical Python (Bok) (2024)

Astronomical Python (2024)

Cover for Torrielli, Alessandro (University of Surrey) · Integrability using the Sine-Gordon and Thirring Duality: An introductory course - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Integrability using the Sine-Gor... (2024)

Torrielli, Alessandro (Universit...

Cover for Environmental Applications of Magnetic Sorbents - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Environmental Applications of Ma... (2024)

Cover for Jyotirmoy Guha · Nuclear and Particle Physics with Cosmology, Volume 1: Nuclear physics - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Nuclear and Particle Physics wit... (2024)

Cover for An Astronomical Inclusion Revolution: Advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion in professional astronomy and astrophysics - AAS-IOP Astronomy (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

An Astronomical Inclusion Revolu... (2024)

Cover for Neutron Imaging: From applied materials science to industry - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Neutron Imaging: From applied ma... (2024)

Cover for Malviya, Rishabha (Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India) · Integrating Nanorobotics with Biophysics for Cancer Treatment - Biophysical Society-IOP Series (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Integrating Nanorobotics with Bi... (2024)

Malviya, Rishabha (Galgotias Uni...

Cover for Eric Ford · Humanitarian Engineering for Global Oncology - IOP Series in Global Health and Radiation Oncology (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Humanitarian Engineering for Glo... (2024)

Cover for Bryant, Peter A (University of Surrey, Guildford, UK) · Airborne Radioactive Discharges and Human and Environmental Health Effects (Second Edition) - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Airborne Radioactive Discharges ... (2024)

Bryant, Peter A (University of S...

Cover for Peter A Bryant · Airborne Radioactive Discharges and Human and Environmental Health Effects (Bok) (2024)

Airborne Radioactive Discharges ... (2024)

Cover for Sindhunil Barman Roy · Hydrogen: Physics and technology - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Hydrogen: Physics and technology... (2024)

Sindhunil Barman Roy

Cover for Microbial Surfactants: A sustainable class of versatile molecules - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Microbial Surfactants: A sustain... (2024)

Cover for Willatzen, Morten (CAS (China)) · Piezoelectricity in Classical and Modern Systems - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Piezoelectricity in Classical an... (2024)

Willatzen, Morten (CAS (China))

Cover for Shah, Maulin (Enviro Technology Limited (India)) · Trends in Biological Processes in Industrial Wastewater Treatment - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Trends in Biological Processes i... (2024)

Shah, Maulin (Enviro Technology ...

Cover for J. Lissenden, Cliff, Cliff · Nonlinear Ultrasonic Guided Waves (Bok) (2024)

Nonlinear Ultrasonic Guided Waves (2024)

J. Lissenden, Cliff, Cliff

Cover for Benedict, Shajulin (Indian Institute of Information Technology Kottayam (India)) · Edge Intelligence: Deep learning-enabled edge computing - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Edge Intelligence: Deep learning... (2024)

Benedict, Shajulin (Indian Insti...

Cover for Medical and Dental Guidance Notes (Second Edition): A good practice guide on all aspects of ionising radiation protection in the clinical environment: IPEM Report 113 - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Medical and Dental Guidance Note... (2024)

Cover for Imaging in Particle Therapy: Current practice and future trends - Biophysical Society-IOP Series (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Imaging in Particle Therapy: Cur... (2024)

Cover for Chiara Paganelli · Imaging in Particle Therapy (Bok) (2024)

Imaging in Particle Therapy (2024)

Chiara Paganelli

Cover for Duarte, F J (Fellow of the Australian Institute of Physics, Australia) · Organic Lasers and Organic Photonics (Second Edition) - IOP Series in Coherent Sources, Quantum Fundamentals, and Applications (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Organic Lasers and Organic Photo... (2024)

Duarte, F J (Fellow of the Austr...

Cover for F. J. Duarte · Organic Lasers and Organic Photonics (Bok) (2024)

Organic Lasers and Organic Photo... (2024)

Cover for Barua, Alok (Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India) · Fundamentals of Industrial Instrumentation (Second Edition) - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Fundamentals of Industrial Instr... (2024)

Barua, Alok (Indian Institute of...

Cover for Rafael G Gonzalez-Acuna · Stigmatic Optics (Bok) (2024)

Stigmatic Optics (2024)

Rafael G Gonzalez-Acuna

Cover for Gonzalez-Acuna, Rafael G (Huawei Technolgies (Finland)) · Stigmatic Optics (Second Edition) - IOP Series in Emerging Technologies in Optics and Photonics (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Stigmatic Optics (Second Edition... (2024)

Gonzalez-Acuna, Rafael G (Huawei...

Cover for Bhatia, Saurabh (Associate Professor, Amity institute of Pharmacy, Amity University) · Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Volume 1 (Second Edition): Basic techniques and concepts - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Introduction to Pharmaceutical B... (2024)

Bhatia, Saurabh (Associate Profe...

Cover for Jones, Bleddyn (The University of Oxford) · Quantitative Radiobiology for Proton Therapy - IPEM-IOP Series in Physics and Engineering in Medicine and Biology (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Quantitative Radiobiology for Pr... (2024)

Jones, Bleddyn (The University o...

Cover for Moreno, Ivan (Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas (Mexico)) · Introduction to Metalens Optics - IOP Series in Emerging Technologies in Optics and Photonics (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Introduction to Metalens Optics ... (2024)

Moreno, Ivan (Universidad Autono...

Cover for Ngan, Alfonso (University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong)) · Continuous Dislocation Dynamics Made Simple - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Continuous Dislocation Dynamics ... (2024)

Ngan, Alfonso (University of Hon...

Cover for Rout, Chandra Sekhar (Jain University (India)) · Electrochemical Interfaces for the Detection of Agricultural Pollutants - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Electrochemical Interfaces for t... (2024)

Rout, Chandra Sekhar (Jain Unive...

Cover for Bishop, Robert C (Wheaton College Illinois, USA) · The Physics of Emergence (Second Edition) - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

The Physics of Emergence (Second... (2024)

Bishop, Robert C (Wheaton Colleg...

Cover for Rajadurai Chandrasekar · Mechanophotonics for Organic Photonic Integrated Circuits - IOP Series in Advances in Optics, Photonics and Optoelectronics (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Mechanophotonics for Organic Pho... (2024)

Rajadurai Chandrasekar

Cover for Image Processing with Python: A practical approach - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Image Processing with Python: A ... (2024)

Cover for Rishi, Swanand (Department of Electronics and Information Technology Standardization Testing and Quality Certification Directorate, Government of India (India)) · A Practical Handbook on Measurement Uncertainty: FAQs and fundamentals for metrologists - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

A Practical Handbook on Measurem... (2024)

Rishi, Swanand (Department of El...

Cover for Anwar, Muhammad Sabieh (Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan) · Quantum Mechanics in the Single-Photon Laboratory (Second Edition) - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) [2 Revised edition] (2024)

2 Revised edition

Quantum Mechanics in the Single-... (2024)

Anwar, Muhammad Sabieh (Lahore U...

Cover for Recent Advances in Materials for Energy Harvesting and Storage - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Recent Advances in Materials for... (2024)

Cover for Nanobiotechnology and Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Diseases - IOP Series in Artificial Intelligence in the Biomedical Sciences (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Nanobiotechnology and Artificial... (2024)

Cover for Bhatia, Saurabh (Associate Professor, Amity institute of Pharmacy, Amity University) · Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Volume 3 (Second Edition): Animal tissue culture and biopharmaceuticals - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Introduction to Pharmaceutical B... (2024)

Bhatia, Saurabh (Associate Profe...

Cover for Alessandro Curcio · Backscattering Sources, Volume 1: Theoretical framework and Thomson backscattering sources - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Backscattering Sources, Volume 1... (2024)

Alessandro Curcio

Cover for John Weisend II · Cryogenic Technologies at the European Spallation Source: A big science case study - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Cryogenic Technologies at the Eu... (2024)

John Weisend II

Cover for Rae M Robertson-Anderson · Biopolymer Networks: Design, dynamics and discovery - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Biopolymer Networks: Design, dyn... (2024)

Rae M Robertson-Anderson

Cover for McCullough, Laura (University of Wisconsin-Stout, USA) · Women and Physics (Second Edition) - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Women and Physics (Second Editio... (2024)

McCullough, Laura (University of...

Cover for Di Molfetta, Giuseppe (Parc scientifique et technologique de Luminy (France)) · Quantum Walks, Limits, and Transport Equations - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Quantum Walks, Limits, and Trans... (2024)

Di Molfetta, Giuseppe (Parc scie...

Cover for Elsaesser, Thomas (Max Born Institute, Berlin) · Concepts and Applications of Nonlinear Terahertz Spectroscopy (Second Edition) - IOP Series in Advances in Optics, Photonics and Optoelectronics (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Concepts and Applications of Non... (2024)

Elsaesser, Thomas (Max Born Inst...

Cover for Bhatia, Saurabh (Associate Professor, Amity institute of Pharmacy, Amity University) · Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Volume 2 (Second Edition): Enzymes, proteins and bioinformatics - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Introduction to Pharmaceutical B... (2024)

Bhatia, Saurabh (Associate Profe...

Cover for Larson, Jonas (Stockholm University (Sweden)) · The Jaynes-Cummings Model and its Descendants (Second Edition): Modern research directions - IOP Series in Quantum Technology (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

The Jaynes-Cummings Model and it... (2024)

Larson, Jonas (Stockholm Univers...

Cover for Tuza Adeyemi Olukan · Oscillations: Theory and applications in AFM - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Oscillations: Theory and applica... (2024)

Tuza Adeyemi Olukan

Cover for Al-Douri, Yarub (Iraqi Forum for Intellectuals & Academics (Turkey)) · Quantum Dots: Synthesis, characterization, and optical investigations - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Quantum Dots: Synthesis, charact... (2024)

Al-Douri, Yarub (Iraqi Forum for...

Cover for Al Khawaja, Usama (University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan) · Handbook of Exact Solutions to the Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations (Second Edition) - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Handbook of Exact Solutions to t... (2024)

Al Khawaja, Usama (University of...

Cover for Jenkins, David (Professor, University of York) · Nuclear Data: An independent-particle motion view - IOP Series in Nuclear Spectroscopy and Nuclear Structure (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Nuclear Data: An independent-par... (2024)

Jenkins, David (Professor, Unive...

Cover for Nanomaterials for Advanced Energy and Power Storage Devices - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Nanomaterials for Advanced Energ... (2024)

Cover for Dunlap, Richard A (Dalhousie University (Canada)) · Generation IV Nuclear Reactors: Design, operation and prospects for future energy production - IOP ebooks (Inbunden Bok) (2024)

Generation IV Nuclear Reactors: ... (2024)

Dunlap, Richard A (Dalhousie Uni...